Consensus Details
Binance Chain is a peer-to-peer distributed system, connecting together multiple clients that reach consensus on their views of the “state of the world”. Binance Chain uses Tendermint BFT consensus and has a dedicated application layer that runs upon it. A simplified overview of the application's architecture might look something like this:
For more information, please have a look at the Tendermint spec.
Block Size
Binance Chain uses a similar block structure as Tendermint proposes, with a size limit of 1 megabyte.
It is expected a block will be produced on a-few-of-seconds level among validators, and can include from 0 up to several thousands of transactions.
Blockchain State
Blockchain state stores the below information:
- account and balances
- fees
- token information
- trading pairs
- tick size and lot size
- governance information
please note the transactions are not stored as chain state, because they are stored in blocks, while trades are not stored as state either, because they can be reproduced via balances and transactions.
Cryptographic Design
Account and Address
For normal users, all the keys and addresses can be generated via Binance Web Wallet.
This default wallet would use a similar way to generate keys as Bitcoin, i.e. use 256 bits entropy to generate a 24-word mnemonic based on BIP39, and then use the mnemonic and an empty passphrase to generate a seed; finally use the seed to generate a master key, and derive the private key using BIP32/BIP44 with HD prefix as "44'/714'/", which is reserved at SLIP 44.
714 comes from Binance’s birthday, July 14th. :)
Keys
Binance Chain uses the same elliptic curve cryptography as the current Bitcoin implementation, i.e. secp256k1. Its private key is 32 bytes while public key is 33 bytes.
Address
Addresses on Binance Chain are 20 bytes and may be expressed as:
Address = RIPEMD160(SHA256(compressed public key))
Typically, an address is encoded in the bech32 format which includes a checksum and human-readable prefix (HRP). However, it doesn’t use the SegWit address format (because we do not have SegWit function anyway, so no witness program version etc.).
A Binance Chain address is therefore more similar to a Bitcoin Cash address, which does not include a SegWit program script.
Address format pseudo-code:
Address_Bech32 = HRP + ‘1’ + bech32.encode(convert8BitsTo5Bits(RIPEMD160(SHA256(compressed public key))))
For Binance Chain address, the prefix is bnb for production network, and tbnb for testnet.
Signature
Binance Chain uses an ECDSA signature on curve secp256k1 against a SHA256 hash of the byte array of a JSON-encoded canonical representation of the transaction. For more information, please see this page.
CREDITS : https://docs.binance.org/guides/concepts/architecture.html
